The 
            greatest respectfulness and dutifulness of a man to his parents is 
            to be an honor to his family; to make people admire his family. That 
            is what he was taught by his father. That is what he tried to achieve 
            his entire life.   
            He was born on December 20th 
              1946, the day when HoChí Minh asked people all over Viet 
              Nam to participate in the "Empty House, Empty Garden" campaign. 
              People would leave the city for the forest and build military bases 
              to fight against the French. On that day, his uncle started but 
              the rest of his family still stayed in Huế. His uncle took 
              three buffaloes for ploughing to the forest. But the French soldiers 
              caught his uncle at Văn Thánh. Two buffaloes were killed. 
              Three days later, people in Huế headed to Kim Phụng 
              Mountain, at Chong Chóng Village, the assigned place. With 
              the family and Huế people, his uncle-in-law carried a three-day 
              baby to the forest; it was him. 
            	After the campaign, people went back 
              homes but it was not the same. His father became the favorite mahout 
              of the king, Bảo Đại. His father often drove and 
              went hunting with the king. However, his father's salary was low. 
              Therefore, his young uncle and aunt had to carry firewood from home 
              to the center of Huế on foot to sell. It was fifteen kilometers. 
              Before his young uncle and aunt went back home, they had to go to 
              Đông Ba Market to buy a little rice and fish paste for 
              the hungry family. 
             He 
              spent his primary school years at his village's school. In the first 
              grade; he studied with a tough female teacher. Once, he did not 
              do well on his mathematics exercises; his teacher punished him by 
              standing him naked in the rain in front of his classmates. His teacher 
              also told his father about his mistake as an extra punishment. At 
              home, his father did not punish him but told him: "Son, the greatest 
              respectfulness and dutifulness of a man to his parents is to be 
              an honor to his family; to make people admire his family."  
            From 1945 to 1954, Việt Nam fought 
              France. In 1954, Việt Nam won the Điện Biên 
              Phủ campaign in Điện Biên Phủ province 
              (North Việt Nam). Over 100,000 French and Vietnamese died. 
              After that campaign the French left. Later, Việt Nam was divided 
              into two countries, North Việt Nam and South Việt Nam. 
              North Việt Nam, which was led by Hồ Chí Minh, 
              came to be a communist country and was supported by USSR. South 
              Việt Nam became a capitalist country which was supported by 
              the United States of America. Both North Việt Nam and South 
              Việt Nam wanted to unify. Therefore, these two countries fought 
              with each other. 
            After primary school, he moved to the 
              center of Huế with his father. He spent his secondary and 
              high school year at Hàm Nghi School. Long ago, Hàm 
              Nghi was known as Quốc Tử Giám School which was 
              only for the sons of the officers of the king. At school, he had 
              to wear a uniform. He wore a white old ironed shirt, dark blue old 
              ironed trousers. His hair was combed neatly. He always took a bath 
              before going to school. He carried a medium briefcase. He always 
              had a pen and a small notebook in his pocket. He planed on when 
              he would have done an important thing such as getting Advance French 
              Language degree. Then, he would prepare for it in an appropriate 
              time. He usually studied himself, quietly, till eleven pm and got 
              up at five am to prepare for class. At this time, his father moved 
              to building contractor. His father opened a furniture shop which 
              sold wardrobes, tables, etc. in the center of Huế. His family 
              was better and better.  
            During his high school year, many of his 
              friends, whoever failed, had to join the army. Most of them died 
              in battles. He, however, was a good student so he was not forced 
              to join the army. In 1968, he graduated high school with an excellent 
              degree. He hoped his parents would be happy. In spring 1968, North 
              Việt Nam opened the campaign "Mậu Thân Spring" 
              on Huế. North Việt Nam attacked South Việt Nam. 
              Many people died on the streets. He wrote a poem. North Việt 
              Nam captured Huế. He wrote another poem. Later, however, South 
              Việt Nam got Huế back. 
            After high school, he studied at the University 
              of Huế. Many of his friends in college asked him for assistance 
              including his future wife. Even his professors asked him for assistance. 
              In biology class, his professor asked him to prepare illustrations, 
              equipments, etc. before lectures. In physics and mathematics classes, 
              he did most of exercises before lectures. He solved and explained 
              difficult exercises to his classmates like a teacher. He was always 
              in the top five best students at his college. He got a scholarship 
              from the government every year. He, however, not only studied well 
              but worked for the Student Association of Huế, which was led 
              by a Buddhist monk. This association helped the poor and the sick. 
              He came to their house, gave them food, cloths and medicine. He 
              loved to see their smiles. He also taught poor kids in his village 
              at his home. During this time, many of his friends, whoever failed, 
              had to join the army because the government needed as many soldiers 
              as possible to fight against North Việt Nam. South Việt 
              Nam was going to lose. 
            He got married on April 28th 
              1975. The wedding was held at Giác Hoa pagoda, in Gò 
              Vấp district, Sài Gòn. There were his uncle, 
              his brother, his brother-in-law and a Buddhist nun who pronounced 
              them as man and wife and that was all. When the wedding was happening, 
              soldiers of North Việt Nam were attacking on Sài Gòn 
              streets, outside the pagoda. On April 30th 1975, Sài 
              Gòn was defeated, North Việt Nam won. Việt Nam 
              was unified and became a communist country.  
            
              
             After 1975, private capitalistic properties 
            of the old South Việt Nam were turned into national properties. 
            He and his wife moved to Nha Trang, the most beautiful beach city 
            in Việt Nam. They lived at 94 Thủ Khoa Huân Street, 
            near a bus station and an airport. The government gave them this house 
            for free. The house was built of concrete. The roof was made from 
            corrugated iron. And the floor was dust. There were two rooms in the 
            house, two beds, and a wardrobe. At that time, he was the vice principal 
            of Diên Thuỷ Secondary School. He rode a bicycle to school 
            every day. It was eleven kilometers. He had lunch at school. Lunch 
            was the lunch box which his wife prepared. There was boiled corn in 
            the lunch box. Nothing else. After school, he rode back to have dinner 
            with his wife. Dinner was rice with vegetable and soy sauce. However, 
            he was happy. His wife, Nguyễn Thị Cúc, taught 
            at the Nha Trang Secondary Girl School. It was near her house. Although 
            both he and Cúc went to work, they were poor. Their salary 
            was low and was not able to buy enough food. He got fifty five Đồng 
            per month. Cúc got fifty Đồng per month. The entire 
            amount could buy only twenty kilograms of rice. The government supplied 
            them with: 5.2 meters of dressmaking per year; coupons to buy firewood, 
            water, milk, meat, fish, rice, etc. but all were limited. This was 
            the subsidization policy of the government. Furthermore, the U.S.A. 
            embargoed Việt Nam. Việt Nam could not import or export 
            to many countries in the world. To survive, Cúc sold all of 
            the coupons except firewood, fish, and rice coupons to get money to 
            buy medicine. At this time, he was very happy whenever he got a state-own 
            compote*.  
            
            On March 19th 1976, his first 
              baby was born. He named his baby Hồ Xuân Thiện. 
              Thiện meant to do good thing. He also gave his baby a nickname 
              to use at home. It was Cà Rốt (carrot). When Cúc 
              gave birth, there was only him with her. It was the first time she 
              gave birth. She did not have any experience. It was a hard time 
              for her. In addition, her baby's head was bigger than usual. Doctors 
              asked him and Cúc to use medical equipment to pull their 
              baby out. They did not agree. They were afraid that Cà Rốt 
              would not be healthy and intelligent. Cúc was in pain from 
              six in the evening until six in the morning the next day. When Cà 
              Rốt came out, he and Cúc were very happy. He hoped 
              his parents would be happy because Cà Rốt was a boy. 
             
            On June 3rd 1980, his second 
              son was born. This time, he named this son Hồ Xuân Thịnh. 
              Thịnh meant richness. He gave his second son a nickname as 
              well. It was Su Hào (kohlrabi). This time, Cúc gave 
              birth so much easier than last time. It took no time. She just went 
              to the hospital and gave birth after she felt pain from watching 
              "The Girl by the Window" at Tân Tiến cinema. When Cà 
              Rốt was four years old, he and Cúc could not feed two 
              children at the same time. Salary of teachers was low. He decided 
              to send Cà Rốt to An Giang with his family-in-law. 
             
            An Giang was a province in the South-West 
              of Việt Nam. An Giang was in the Mekong Delta. An Giang was 
              famous for rice and fish. Soil was fertile which was very good to 
              plant rice. There were many rivers and canals in An Giang. It was 
              very convenient for raising fish. An Giang was border with Cambodia 
              which was good for trading.  
            In 1981, he sold the house in Nha Trang 
              and moved to An Giang. He wanted his family to live together. Arriving 
              to Long Xuyên town, An Giang province, he bought a house near 
              An Giang College. Most of the people in the hamlet where he lived 
              were officers. He bought this house with a cheap price. The old 
              owner was an officer and got this house for free from the government 
              after the war, and then sold it with cheap price to get money soon 
              for a personal reason. The house was not big but the yards were 
              big. There were two yards, front and back. There were many trees 
              around such as rose apple, mango, and coconut. The roof of the house 
              was made from coconut leaves. The walls and doors were made from 
              corrugated iron. And the floor was dust. There were three rooms 
              in the house. Two bed rooms and a kitchen. There was a cook stove 
              made from clay, some pots and bowls made from clay as well in the 
              kitchen. Whenever there was a rain, people in the house had to move 
              continuously because of rain drops from the roof.  
             He and Cúc continued to teach 
              for two years. Then they quit because salary for teachers here was 
              even lower than the time they were in Nha Trang. They could not 
              feed their hungry sons. Trying to find a chance, he opened a clothes 
              shop at Long Xuyên Market with his brother-in-law. But the 
              clothes shop was closed soon. No one wanted to buy cloth when they 
              did not have money to buy food.  
            On December 12th 1985, his 
              third son was born. He named this son Hồ Xuân Tuấn 
              Anh. Tuấn Anh meant intelligence and handsome. He gave this 
              son an informal name as well as the others. It was Su Su (chayote) 
              or just Su. He and Cúc were afraid of taking care of so many 
              children. She decided to sterilize to prevent more births. One year 
              later, the government canceled the subsidization policy. He tried 
              many different jobs. 
            He repaired clocks at Long Xuyên 
              Market with his father-in-law in the morning and afternoon. He repaired 
              all kinds of clock although no one ever taught him. In the evening, 
              he drove a pedicab to earn extra money. 
            "Xe lôi*." 
            "Where do you want 
              to go to, miss?" 
            "What did you say?" 
            "Where do you want 
              to go?" 
            "Your accent? You are not from An Giang, 
              aren't you?"  
            "I am from Huế." 
            "Xe lôi, xe lôi." 
            It was hard for him to find a passenger. 
              Sometimes, he drove his family around Long Xuyên at night. 
              If he happened to have a passenger, he would leave his family to 
              take the passengers then pick his family up later.  
            
              
             Those jobs did not help him. He moved 
            to processing Cá Linh** fat. Cá Linh was as big as a 
            finger. White. There were a lot of Cá Linh in rice fields during 
            the flooding season. He bought Cá Linh fat, and then processed 
            it into grease. Every day, he processed Cá Linh fat with Su 
            Hào. Product he got was solideon (name of the grease.) He sold 
            solideon to a concrete factory to get empty cement sacks in return. 
            He took those sacks home, cleaned it by smashing them with a wood 
            stick. He cleaned sacks at An Giang College in the evening because 
            there were not many people there. Whenever he went out to do that, 
            Su would beg him to come along. Su told him that Su wanted to help 
            him. Actually, Su would go out with whoever went out. He took a bike, 
            put empty sacks on the bike then walked it to An Giang College. Su 
            followed the bike and his back; played with his shadow. When he got 
            clean sacks, he cut them into pieces to make wrapping paper. Then, 
            Cà Rốt would carry those by a big bicycle compared to 
            his small body. The bicycle was for adult. Cà Rốt was 
            just fourteen and malnourished. Cà Rốt sold those to 
            goods sellers in Long Xuyên Market. He worked at this job for 
            a short time then he quit. This job did not satisfy him.  
            
            Later, he bought and sold waste materials 
              such as broken fans, steel, scrap, etc. Days when he got a lot of 
              waste materials, there would be a mountain of material for Su to 
              collect to make his great-space-ship so Su could visit the moon. 
              The father produced thumbtacks to sell as well. There was a machine 
              to make thumbtacks in the backyard. Broken thumbtacks were all over 
              the backyard. In those days, Su was his father's great soldier. 
              The backyard was a battle to Su with cannon and bullets. Those jobs, 
              however, did not help the father. 
            
              
             He did research on Cá Basa* 
            fat. He happened to know that processed Basa fat could be used as 
            lard. Actually, processed Basa fat was better than lard. He knew that 
            from his friends who usually drank coffee with him each morning at 
            the coffee shop near An Giang College. These men discussed with each 
            other what they could do to earn money. They shared the ideas. He 
            decided to give it a try because other men did not succeed in processing 
            Basa fat. He bought a little Basa fat in the market. Cut it into small 
            pieces. Put it into test tubes. Boil them under different conditions. 
            One boiled in a short time and it was still fishy. One boiled in a 
            long time and it was burnt. He used many natural chemicals to process 
            with Basa fat. He sometimes did research through nights. He did research 
            in the kitchen but Cúc did not like it. He did research in 
            the bed room but Cúc did not like it as well. Then, he did 
            research in the yard. His research equipment was Cúc's broken 
            spoons and bowls. His failed products accumulated a lot under his 
            sons' bed (Su Su, Su Hào and Cà Rốt sleep together 
            in one bed.) In these days, Su was a researcher as well. He put salt 
            and sugar into a test tube, and then boiled it above an oil lamb. 
            "Poc". Test tube broke. Su cried. His father had to soothe him. Finally, 
            the father found a way to process Basa fat to use as lard. He, however, 
            did not have large amount of raw Basa fish fat to process and sell. 
             
            
            He was still poor although he tried his 
              best. The embargo was not cancelled. He used up the money from selling 
              the house in Nha Trang. He missed his homeland. In 1990, he went 
              back to Huế to look for another chance. Cúc, alone 
              in Long Xuyên, tried to survive. During this time, Cúc 
              and her sons did not have enough food. They had to borrow, sometimes, 
              a bowl of rice, a handful of salt, etc. from their neighbors. At 
              this time, Cúc sold cheap clothes at Long Xuyên Market. 
              She sold several man shorts, some towels, and some bras. All these 
              clothes were worth ten kilograms of rice. But those clothes were 
              not hers. A person gave those clothes to her, a reseller, after 
              got them from a state-own factory. She had to pay back the money 
              to that person after sold those clothes. After paying back, she 
              got a little profit to buy rice, vegetables for her hungry sons. 
              Before she went to work, she washed clothes and prepared breakfast 
              and lunch for her sons. Breakfast and lunch were the rice which 
              was compressed at the night before to a bowl so that the rice would 
              be warm for a long time. Sometimes, she gave her sons a little money 
              then they would run out and buy sugar cane. They were very happy 
              when they could have a sugar cane, more than anything else.  
            In 1991, he came back. He got a job at 
              an import and export fisheries company, which imported and exported 
              seafood, catfish. He processed Basa fat for the company because 
              the company could not export Basa fat. However, this amount of Basa 
              fat was not a dozen or a hundred kilograms like before. It was tons 
              of Basa fat. He got a headache. He took all Basa fat home; processed 
              Basa fat in two big pans. Each pan was two meters in diameter. He 
              hired five people to process Basa fat all day. But he could not 
              process all the Basa fat in one day. He had to build three concrete 
              containers in the backyard to store the excess fat. In those days, 
              his house was full of noise, people, sweat, fat, hotness, filthiness, 
              fishiness, etc.. Smoke from two big ovens killed trees around the 
              home. His neighbors complained three times a week. Twenty-liter-fish-fat 
              cans were piled like a mountain in his house. After a month, the 
              company sold Basa heads and bones to him. He, then, sold to retail 
              sellers. There were tons of Basa heads and bones as well. He and 
              Cúc had to go to work before their sons woke up and came 
              home after their sons had dinner. Su usually waited for his parents 
              at the boiling pans near the gate after dinner. Su could know his 
              parents were around the home by the sound from his father's moped. 
              Whenever Su heard that sound, he opened the gate and greeted them 
              or booed them. 
            Although he worked so hard and did so 
              well, he was just an unwanted-but-special worker of the company. 
              He was the only one who could process Basa fish for the company 
              but he was not an a-hundred-percent An Giang citizen. In three years, 
              he and Cúc asked for retiring for several times but the company 
              did not agree. The company needed them.  
            In 1994, the U.S.A. canceled the embargo 
              on Việt Nam. Things were better. The company needed talented 
              people to work for them. He and Cúc got more work. In six 
              years, He processed thousands tons of Basa fat. He invented the 
              way to process Basa bones and skins into Basa powder as well. He 
              ground the bones and skins into powder then centrifuged it to take 
              off the water. After that, he dried it by a machine. This fish powder 
              was rich in protein. It was used to feed livestock, fish, etc. In 
              1998, every day he always got more than forty tons of Basa fat, 
              heads and bones to process. He worked very hard.  
            In 2000, the company privatized. He was 
              elected to be the manager of the Byproduct Processing Factory or 
              Factory Number 10 and member of board of directors as well. Now, 
              in 2004, he is going to be the manager of the modern Factory Number 
              9. He has invested in five floating-houses which raise fish in nets 
              under water. However, the thing people most admire him for all of 
              his sons are students of famous university and two out of his three 
              sons are studying abroad, one at Oxford University and one at Webster 
              University which is impressive for a family in Việt Nam. Now 
              people admire him. He is an honor to his family. He is Hồ 
              Xuân Thiên. 
              
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